Lagos and Abia are leading a new chapter in Nigeria’s urban transport transformation, as both states push forward with electric bus projects designed to cut pollution, ease congestion, and make commuting more efficient. Lagos, through its AI-enhanced Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system, has taken early strides since 2023, while Abia is preparing to roll out its state-led Green Shuttle initiative before the end of 2025. Together, these projects showcase a broader national shift toward sustainable, technology-driven mobility.
Lagos’s journey began in 2023 when the Lagos Metropolitan Area Transport Authority (LAMATA) introduced electric buses under a pilot scheme supported by Oando Clean Energy and Yutong. By 2024, the system evolved further through a partnership with Optibus and CapitalCore, integrating artificial intelligence to improve scheduling, route optimisation, and real-time traffic management. This AI-driven system uses cloud computing and optimisation algorithms to monitor efficiency, cut idle times, and improve on-time performance. These efforts aim to strengthen Lagos’ position as Africa’s most innovative megacity in public transport modernisation.
The electric BRTs currently operate on key routes, including Mile 12 to CMS via Ikorodu Road and Funsho Williams Avenue, with future expansions planned toward Epe and the Lagos-Badagry Expressway. Commuters have praised the quieter, smoother rides, as electric propulsion eliminates engine noise and reduces emissions. Lagos authorities report up to a 13% reduction in carbon dioxide along some corridors, while riders have noted fewer delays and better reliability. However, challenges remain, including occasional overcrowding during peak hours, maintenance logistics, and fare adjustments in response to inflation. Still, the system has significantly reduced transport costs compared to informal minibuses, maintaining affordability for low-income earners.
In Abia State, Governor Alex Otti’s administration is preparing to launch the Green Shuttle service, positioning it as Nigeria’s first state-led, fully electric bus program. The plan includes deploying 100 buses across Aba, Umuahia, and Ohafia, with the first 20 expected before the end of 2025. The initiative also includes ten solar-powered charging stations to reduce dependence on the national grid and ensure sustainable operations. The buses will feature accessibility options for persons with disabilities, and the project promises job creation through technical training, depot management, and charging infrastructure maintenance. This approach mirrors Lagos’ sustainability goals but adds a stronger focus on renewable energy and local economic development.
Key benefits from these initiatives include quieter and cleaner commutes, lower fuel and maintenance costs, and potential fare reductions that could make public transport more accessible. Both projects aim to reduce traffic congestion, which in Lagos alone costs commuters up to three hours daily, and improve air quality in urban centers. The economic impact extends beyond commuters, as each initiative creates employment opportunities for technicians, drivers, and software operators.

However, both states face similar challenges. Lagos must continue to expand charging infrastructure and dedicated bus lanes to prevent electric buses from being caught in mixed traffic. Funding remains a critical factor, especially as large-scale expansion demands billions of naira in upfront investment. For Abia, meeting infrastructure timelines and ensuring grid independence will determine the program’s early success. Additionally, both states must address affordability to prevent fare hikes that could alienate low-income commuters.
Comparing the two, Lagos offers lessons that can guide Abia’s rollout. Its experience with AI-based traffic analytics, real-time monitoring, and performance tracking can help Abia optimise operations once buses are deployed. Lagos’ experience also highlights the importance of transparent fare regulation and community engagement to sustain public trust. Abia, on the other hand, brings new ideas with its solar-powered charging model and disability-inclusive design, which could inform future Lagos upgrades.
Going forward, Nigeria’s electric mobility efforts symbolise more than just cleaner transportation—they represent a shift toward smarter, more equitable urban living. The success of Lagos and Abia will depend on balancing innovation with accessibility, ensuring that technological progress directly benefits ordinary commuters. With sustained investment, capacity building, and regional collaboration, these two states could set a continental benchmark for clean, intelligent mass transit.
In essence, Lagos is offering the data-driven framework, while Abia is demonstrating the renewable vision. If both continue on this path, Nigeria could redefine urban mobility in West Africa—one electric bus at a time.